Impact of the degrees of intravesical prostatic protrusion on the recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the influence of the degrees of intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) on the recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 212 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by biopsy and treated by laparoscopic radical prostatectomy by the same surgeon. Based on the degrees of IPP measured by MRI, we divided the patients into an IPP ≤ 10 mm group (n = 146) and an IPP > 10 mm group (n = 66) and determined the factors influencing the recovery of urinary continence by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.@*RESULTS@#At 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery, the urinary continence rates of the patients were 32.5%, 50.5%, 82.1% and 91%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that the factors influencing the recovery of urinary continence included IPP, body mass index (BMI), bladder neck preservation (BNP), neurovascular bundle preservation (NVBP) and clinical tumor (T) stage at 3 months (P 10 mm (P 10 mm and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 are independent factors influencing the long-term recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy.

Risk factors of ISUP Modified Gleason score upgrading after radical prostatectomy / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the factors upgrading the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Gleason score using the specimens from preoperative prostatic biopsy and radical prostatectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 164 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by biopsy underwent radical prostatectomy. We retrospectively analyzed their age, prostate volume, preoperative PSA level, PSA density (PSAD) , the time interval between biopsy and surgery, the number of positive punctures, positive surgical margin, seminal vesicle invasion, lymphatic invasion, and Gleason scores from biopsy and prostatectomy. We also determined the predictors of Gleason score upgrading by logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 164 cases analyzed, 95 (57.93% ) showed a consistency between the Gleason score of preoperative prostatic biopsy and that after radical prostatectomy, 55 (33.54% ) increased and 14 (8.52%) decreased after prostatectomy as compared with preoperative biopsy. The prostate volume (P < 0.01) and biopsy score (P < 0.05) were independent predictors of Gleason score upgrading. The risk of Gleason score upgrading was 27 times higher in the patients with the prostate volume ≤ 25 ml and 9 times higher in the 25-40 ml group than in the > 60 ml group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Low Gleason score of biopsy (≤ 6) and small prostate volume (≤ 40 ml) may be the predictors of Gleason score upgrading after radical prostatectomy.</p>

Quinoline derivative PQ1 combined with cisplatin promotes the proliferation and gap junction communication of prostate cancer PC3 cells / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of the quinoline derivative PQ1 combined with cisplatin on the proliferation and gap junction communication of prostate cancer PC3 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We cultured in vitro prostate cancer PC3 cells and divided them into DMSO blank control, cisplatin control, and cisplatin (10 mg/ml) plus PQ1 (1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 μmol/L) groups. We measured the proliferation of the prostate cancer PC3 cells, determined the expressions of the connexin 43 (Cx43) mRNA and protein by RT-PCR and Western blot, and compared the indexes among different groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cisplatin combined with PQl at 1 - 10 μmol/L significantly inhibited the proliferation of the PC3 cells and the inhibition rate rose in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, from (48.72 ± 0.98)% vs (50.33 ± 0.62)% at 0 μmol/L to (77.38 ± 1.12)% vs (83.50 ± 1.05)% at 15 μmol/L at 24 and 48 hours (P < 0.05). Compared with the cisplatin control, cisplatin combined with PQ1 at 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 μmol/L increased the expression of Cx43 mRNA from 0.379 ± 0.113 to 0.669 ± 0.031, 0.831 ± 0. 127, 0.769 ± 0.100, 0.532 ± 0.086, and 0.475 ± 0.134, respectively (P < 0.05), and cisplatin combined with PQ1 at 1, 2, 5, and 10 μmol/L elevated that of Cx43 protein from 0.138 ± 0.146 to 0.263 ± 0.111, 0.306 ± 0.152, 0.415 ± 0.280, and 0.643 ± 0.310, respectively (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The quinoline derivative PQ1 can promote the gap junction communication of prostate cancer PC3 cells and enhance the killing effect of cisplatin on PC3 cells by upregulating the expressions of Cx43 mRNA and protein.</p>

Penile appearance, sexual function and sexual satisfaction of hypospadias patients after surgery: a long-term follow-up study / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the long-term outcomes of hypospadias surgery relating to penile appearance, sexual function and sexual satisfaction, and analyze the influencing factors by comparing them with those of healthy male adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We conducted follow-up visits to 128 hypospadias patients surgically treated in our hospital between January 1990 and June 1994. We retrospectively analyzed their clinical data in comparison with 136 healthy male adults.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of satisfaction with penile appearance was significantly lower in the hypospadia patients than in the healthy men, and the main reason for the patients'dissatisfaction was inadequate penile size. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in sexual function and sexual satisfaction. The rate of sexual satisfaction was lower in the patients treated for proximal and middle shaft hypospadias but higher in those treated for distal shaft hypospadias than in the healthy adults, particularly high in those successfully treated by one-stage surgery at the age of < or = 3 years. The factors influencing postoperative sexual satisfaction included penile appearance, severity of hypospadias, surgical complications, surgical stage, age of surgery, and premature ejaculation. However, sexual satisfaction was not affected by surgical complications and surgical staging in those successfully treated by one-stage surgery at the age of < or = 3 years.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Importance should be attached to the long-term follow-up of hypospadias patients after surgery. Sexual satisfaction could be achieved by successful one-stage urethroplasty at the age of < or = 3 years. Appropriate surgical procedures based on the characteristics of different cases may help the patients to establish confidence in their future sexual activities.</p>

Meperidine relieves pain during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy

To compare the efficacy and safety of intramuscular meperidine injection with periprostatic nerve block [PNB] during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. This study was carried out from July 2010 to June 2012 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. This controlled, double-blinded, randomized study included 186 patients. These patients were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups: PNB by injection 10 minutes prior to the prostate biopsy; intramuscular meperidine injection administered 30 minutes before the biopsy, and a control group [n = 62, each]. At the time of ultrasound probe insertion, during biopsy, and 30 minutes after biopsy, patients graded their level of pain on a 10-point visual analog scale [VAS]. There was no statistical difference in clinical features of the 3 groups. The patients administered meperidine had the minimum mean VAS score during probe insertion. During the prostate biopsy, there was no significant difference in VAS scores between patients in the PNB and meperidine groups, and both were significantly lower than that of the control group. The VAS scores recorded 30 minutes after biopsy were similar among the 3 groups. Intramuscular meperidine injection is a safe and effective analgesic for use during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy, and provides better analgesia than PNB during the probe insertion

The subgroup change of nitric oxide synthase in earlier period with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)and nervous nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in rats during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) and study if change will be happen in subgroup between eNOS and nNOS during earlier period of CI/R.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 60 Wistar rats weighting 200-280 g, supplied by Animal Center of China Medical University, were divided into 6 groups (n=10) (sham operation group; ischemia 1 h, 2 h group; reperfusion 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h group). Female and male was half-and-half. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by a 2-hour suture occlusion of the unilateral middle cerebral artery, immediately after suture withdrawal to allow reperfusion, eNOS and nNOS expressions were examined by the method of immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>eNOS expressions increased in 1-hour during ischemia, keeping up with decreasing until reperfusion 2-hour. While nNOS expressions increased in 2-hour between ischemia and reperfusion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Changes of expression between eNOS and nNOS in rats during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion are different. This may be related with ischemia and reperfusion injury.</p>